lake victoria countries

Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. [81] UGFD officials argued that Nile perch must have spread to Lake Victoria by themselves by passing through the Owen Falls Dam when shut down for maintenance, but this is considered highly unlikely by many scientists. It is Africa's largest lake, and the second largest fresh water lake in the world. [61] There is little doubt that Haplochromis played an important role in returning detritus and plankton back into solution. The vegetated shores of Lake Victoria near the Speke Resort in Munyonyo, Kampala, Uganda. [65], Four species of freshwater crabs are known from Lake Victoria: Potamonautes niloticus is widespread in the lake and P. emini has been recorded from the vicinity of Bukoba in Tanzania, but both are also found elsewhere in Africa. Lake Victoria or Victoria Nyanza (also known as Ukerewe and Nnalubaale) is a lake in Africa.It is bordered and governed by the countries of Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya.The lake is in the western part of Africa's Great Rift Valley.. Lake Victoria is 68,800 square kilometres (26,560 mi²) in size. Formerly known to the Arabs as Ukerewe, the lake was named by Speke in honour of Queen Victoria of England. (August 01, 2008). CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (. At the same time, the plant's mat or "web" creates a barrier for boats and ferries to maneuver, impedes access to the shoreline, interferes with hydroelectric power generation, and blocks the intake of water for industries. Kenya has 6% of the lake, Uganda has 45% and Tanzania has the largest share with 49%. About Lake Victoria Basin Commission: The East African Community established the Lake Victoria Basin Commission formerly known as the Lake Victoria Development Programme in 2001, as a mechanism for coordinating the various interventions on the Lake and its Basin; and serving as a centre for promotion of investments and information sharing among the various stakeholders. Lake Victoria is located on the continent of Africa and it is divided among 3 African countries. The project is in line with the Protocol for Sustainable Development of Lake Victoria Basin; Lake Victoria Basin Commission (LVBC) Strategic Plan 2011 – 2016; the participating countries CSPs; and the Bank’s RISP for East Africa. [97] Increased logging and act of deforestation has led to environmental degradation around the region reducing the absorption of polluting chemicals and deteriorating the water quality.[98]. It is crossed by the equator. Oxygen concentrations in hypolimnetic waters (i.e. [49] Some species have survived in nearby small satellite lakes,[48] have survived in refugias among rocks or papyrus sedges (protecting them from the Nile perch),[50] or have adapted to the human-induced changes in the lake itself. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Lake Victoria. It borders the countries of Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda. [18][61] By itself, this vegetative matter decays slowly. Lake Victoria or Victoria Nyanza (also known as Ukerewe and Nnalubaale) is a lake in Africa.It is bordered and governed by the countries of Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya.The lake is in the western part of Africa's Great Rift Valley.. Lake Victoria is 68,800 square kilometres (26,560 mi²) in size. [41][79] Because of its small size, the abundant open-water Lake Victoria sardine only supported minor fisheries until the decline of other natives. Understandably so, Lake Victoria Africa attracts visitors, be they locals who come to fish the waters, or tourists hoping to enjoy the beautiful landscape. The project which began in 1995 comes to an end in the year 2000 and is funded by the Global Environmental Facility through United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). ", 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T60318A47182908.en. LAKE VICTORIA, February 29, 2016 – When an English explorer stumbled upon Lake Victoria in the middle of the 19 th century, the lake’s 38,000 mile-long shoreline was pristine - broken by small, shallow bays, inlets and wetlands. [41] Others have become extinct in their pure form, but survive as hybrids between close relatives (especially among the detritivores). This allowed it to spread to Lake Kyoga where additional Nile perch were released in 1955, but not Victoria itself. [41], Lake Victoria is home to 28 species of freshwater snails (e.g., Bellamya, Biomphalaria, Bulinus, Cleopatra, Gabbiella, and Melanoides), including 12 endemic species/subspecies. As Lake Tanganyika is a border for four countries Zambia, Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo- the success of the project will depend on how well these countries work together. The changes in oxygenation are considered consistent with measurements of higher algal biomass and productivity. [37][41] The zooplanktivores have been least affected and in the late 1990s had reached densities similar to, or above, the densities before the drastic declines, although consisting of fewer species and often switching their diet towards macroinvertebrates. The main ports on the lake are Kisumu, Mwanza, Bukoba, Entebbe, Port Bell, and Jinja. Albright, T.P., Moorhouse, T.G., & McNabb, T.J. (January 1, 2004). According to a CNN report, a mixture of lethal weather, poor communication and lack of resources are the three biggest cause of the high fatalities per square kilometre at the freshwater lake.. Omissions? The influent rivers of Lake Victoria provide few nutrients to the lake in relation to its size. About this Quiz. [76], Lake Victoria supports Africa's largest inland fishery (as of 1997). Featuring room service, this property also provides guests with a playground. The Lake Victoria basin, while generally rural, has many major centres of population. [41][80] To boost fishing, several species of non-native tilapia and Nile perch were introduced to the lake in the 1950s. Ochiel, W. Gitonga and S.W. Located in Entebbe and with Victoria Mall Entebbe reachable within 2.5 miles, Lake Victoria Country Home has express check-in and check-out, non-smoking rooms, a garden, free WiFi and a bar. The Origins of the Nile Perch in Lake Victoria. In 1927-1928 Michael Graham conducted the first ever systematic Fisheries Survey of Lake Victoria. For a relaxing, pleasurable lake vacation in East Africa, we recommend a visit to Lake Victoria, the largest of the Great African Lakes and the second largest freshwater lake in the world. With an area of 69,484 km², it is about as big as Ireland. "Lake Victoria Fish Stocks and the Effects of Water Hyacinth". Njoka. Coinciding anti-racist protests sweeping the world, the clamor is growing in Africa to rename Lake Victoria which lies in Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya. Today, the lake and its resources fuel the economies of Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. The only outflow from Lake Victoria is the Nile River, which exits the lake near Jinja, Uganda. [95][96] Large parts of these urban areas also discharge untreated (raw) sewage into the river, increasing its eutrophication that in turn is helping to increase the invasive water hyacinth. Animal flesh decays considerably faster, however, so the fertility of the lake is dependent on the rate at which these nutrients can be taken up by fish and other organisms. Although it is a part of the same river system known as the White Nile and is occasionally referred to as such, strictly speaking this name does not apply until after the river crosses the Uganda border into South Sudan to the north. [8][9] This expedition was financially sponsored by the Royal Geographic Society. Km. It was the site of a fishing boom in the 1980s and 90s when the world paid huge money for its Nile perch and tilapia fish. It borders the countries of Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda. [81] These warnings primarily concerned the native tilapia O. esculentus, as the smaller haplochromine cichlids (despite playing an important role in local fisheries) were regarded as "trash fish" by the colonial government. But European settlers brought with them a hunger for bigger fish, and soon introduced some invasive species.The effects were incredibly disruptive for the ecosystem. [53][54][55][56][57], Before the mass extinction that has occurred among the lake's cichlids in the last 50 years, about 90 percent of the native fish species in the lake were haplochromines. However, the most distal source of the Nile Basin, and therefore the ultimate source of the Nile, is more often considered to be one of the tributary rivers of the Kagera River (the exact tributary remains undetermined), and which originates in either Rwanda or Burundi. The shoreline is over 3,400 km long and home to numerous rock dwelling cichlids. The outflow from Lake Victoria into the NILE is in the country of UGANDA. With ten countries in the Nile Understandably so, Lake Victoria Africa attracts visitors, be they locals who come to fish the waters, or tourists hoping to enjoy the beautiful landscape. The lake has a maximum depth of between 80 and 84 m (262 and 276 ft)[11][14] and an average depth of 40 m (130 ft). The project aims to provide safe drinking water for an estimated one million people and improved sanitation for 100 000 people. [21][36][40] Their extraordinary diversity and speed of evolution have been the subjects for many scientists studying the forces that drive the richness of life everywhere. The removal of Haplochromis, however, may have contributed to the increasing frequency of algal blooms,[27][63][64] which may in turn be responsible for mass fish kills. Only North America's Lake Superior is larger. Lake Victoria is a huge lake in Eastern Africa - it's so big that it stretches over parts of three different countries. "Freshwater Crabs and Shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) of the Nile Basin". The dam provides hydroelectric power on a large scale and made the lake a vast reservoir. The lake rests between three countries namely, Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. [103], The Lamadi water scheme is a water and sanitation project that serves Mwanza and the satellite towns of Lamadi, Misungwi, Magu, Bukoba, and Musoma on the bank of Lake Victoria. The water hyacinth has become a major invasive plant species in Lake Victoria. Lake Victoria and climate change [38] This is far more species of fish than any other lake in the world, except Lake Malawi. [29], Many mammal species live in the region of Lake Victoria, and some of these are closely associated with the lake itself and the nearby wetlands. In addition, it's the largest tropical lake in the world, and the planet's second largest freshwater lake. Without oxygen, any aerobic life (such as fish) cannot exist in the deeper parts of the lake, forcing all life to exist within a narrow range of depth. Find out by taking this quiz about Africa. These cities and towns are also home to many factories that discharge some chemicals directly into the lake or its influent rivers. [65], At a genus level, most of these are widespread in Africa, but the very rare Xenobarbus and Xenoclarias are endemic to the lake, and the common Rastrineobola is near-endemic. Lake Victoria was called after its namesake, Queen Victoria, following its discovery by British explorer, John Speke in 1858. Nevertheless, the natives continued to dominate fisheries until the 1970s where their decline meant that there was a strong shift towards the non-native Nile tilapia (now 7 percent of catches), non-native Nile perch (60 percent) and the native Lake Victoria sardine (30 percent). At the lake’s southeastern corner is Speke Gulf, and at the southwestern corner Emin Pasha Gulf. 2nd edition. Lake Victoria. Kateregga, E., & Sterner, T. (January 01, 2009). tvlu5044 07.12.2018 History Secondary School +5 pts. [86] Greater growth was observed in the northern part of the lake, in relatively protected areas, which may be linked to current and weather patterns and could also be due to the climate and water conditions, which are more suitable to the plants growth (as there are large urban areas to the north end of the lake, in Uganda). Lake Victoria is divided among three countries Kenya 6 %, Uganda 45%, and Tanzania 49%. Book Lake Victoria Country Home, Entebbe on Tripadvisor: See traveler reviews, 5 candid photos, and great deals for Lake Victoria Country Home at Tripadvisor. With a surface area of just under 70 000 km², Lake Victoria not only dominates this part of East Africa but ranks as the second largest freshwater lake in the world. [21] In recent history only Lake Kyoga was easily accessible to Victoria cichlids, as further downstream movement by the Victoria Nile (to Lake Albert) is prevented by a series of waterfalls, notably Murchison. ... Countries. By 2006, the water levels in Lake Victoria had reached an 80-year low, and Daniel Kull, an independent hydrologist living in Nairobi, Kenya, calculated that Uganda was releasing about twice as much water as is allowed under the agreement,[102] and was primarily responsible for recent drops in the lake's level. It is densely populated. Lake Victoria (or Victoria Nyanza in the Bantu language) is the largest of the African Great Lakes, the largest lake in Africa and the world’s second largest freshwater lake by surface area, after Lake Superior. [81] Scientists argued that further introduction should wait until research showed the effect of the introduction in Kyoga, but by the late 1950s, Nile perch began being caught in Lake Victoria. Lake Victoria (also known as Victoria Nyanza), is the largest lake in Africa and the second largest freshwater lake on earth. The lake’s only outlet is the Victoria Nile, which exits from the northern coast. (2006). (See East African Rift System.) The Lake Victory Water and Sanitation Project (LVWATSAN) implemented by the Lake Victoria Basin Commission (LVBC) has greatly impacted on the lives of people living in the 15 towns of the 5 East African Community States where the project has been implemented Herbert Nuwamanya, The LVWATSAN Project Coordinator Uganda says the project has highly improved … Lake Victoria is the source of the Nile. [49], Starting in the 1950s, several species have been introduced to Lake Victoria where they have become invasive and a prime reason for the extinction of many endemic haplochromine cichlids. Among these are the hippopotamus, African clawless otter, spotted-necked otter, marsh mongoose, sitatunga, bohor reedbuck, defassa waterbuck, cane rats, and giant otter shrew. Learn more about the cichlids of Lake Victoria. Lake Victoria, also called Victoria Nyanza, largest lake in Africa and chief reservoir of the Nile, lying mainly in Tanzania and Uganda but bordering on Kenya. Its waters fill a shallow depression in the centre of the great plateau that stretches between the Western and Eastern Rift Valleys. Sitting in a fertile basin, the area is predictably heavily cultivated and densely populated, and given that much of its shoreline is marshy and infested with bilharzia, swimming is not an option. The first recorded information about Lake Victoria comes from Arab traders plying the inland routes in search of gold, ivory, other precious commodities, and slaves. Lake Victoria’s fish. Lake Victoria covers more than 68,800 square km and is the lifeblood for the people of Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda who rely on its waters to service its huge fishing industry. It’s shared by the three east African countries of Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya. Extensive fish kills, Nile perch, loss of habitat and overfishing have caused many fisheries to collapse and many protein sources to be unavailable at the market for local consumption. [41] As a result of predation by the introduced Nile perch, eutrophication and other changes to the ecosystem, it is estimated that at least 200 species (about 40 percent) of Lake Victoria haplochromines have become extinct,[37][41][46] including more than 100 undescribed species. Sediment and suspended solids are filtered out using sand, which acts like a sieve. Because of this, most of Lake Victoria's nutrients are thought to be locked up in lake-bottom deposits. McAndrews, R. and D.I. In terms of contributed water, this makes Lake Victoria the principal source of the longest branch of the Nile. Believing he had found the source of the Nile on seeing this "vast expanse of open water" for the first time, Speke named the lake after Queen Victoria. The abundance of aquatic life is not the only dependent of the lake: more than thirty million people in Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda rely on the lake for its natural resources. Geologically, Lake Victoria is relatively young at about 400,000 years old. [36][41] The Victoria haplochromines are part of an older group of more than 700 closely related species, also including those of several smaller lakes in the region, notably Kyoga, Edward–George, Albert, and Kivu. Lake Tanganyika. [29] The deepest part of the lake is offset to the east of the lake near Kenya and the lake is generally shallower in the west along the Ugandan shoreline and the south along the Tanzanian shoreline. Lake Victoria water resources management challenges and prospects: a need for equitable and sustainable institutional and regulatory frameworks. In 2002, Uganda completed a second hydroelectric complex in the area, the Kiira Hydroelectric Power Station, with World Bank assistance. In the late 1860s, the famous Scottish explorer and missionary David Livingstone failed in his attempt to verify Speke's discovery, instead pushing too far west and entering the River Congo system instead. pp. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [32] The Williams' mud turtle is restricted to Lake Victoria and other lakes, rivers, and swamps in the upper Nile basin. [16] The lake has a shoreline of 7,142 km (4,438 mi) when digitized at the 1:25,000 level,[17] with islands constituting 3.7% of this length. Although there are records of Arab traders as far back as the 1160s using the lake to search for ivory, gold, and slaves, as well as other precious items. Few fisheries, though, have been able to make the switch to catching the Nile perch, since that requires a significant amount of capital resources.[83]. In this way, the Nile perch has degraded the diverse and thriving ecosystem that was once Lake Victoria. 547–61 in : Dumony, H.J. (2017). [60] Survey catches in 1927-28 included several Haplochromis species that are now thought to be extinct, including: Haplochromis flavipinnis, Haplochromis gowersii, Haplochromis longirostris, Haplochromis macrognathus, Haplochromis michaeli, Haplochromis nigrescens, Haplochromis prognathus. Luilo, G.B. Updates? Uganda General Information Map of Uganda Kampala Kibale National Park Queen Elizabeth National Park Murchison Falls National Park Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. United Nations Environment Programme & Belgium. In contrast, the Owen Falls (now flooded by a dam) between Victoria and Kyoga were essentially a series of rapids that did not effectively block fish movements between the two lakes. Now let's learn about Africa's other 8 largest lakes in Africa. Of the numerous islands in the lake, Ukerewe, north of Speke Gulf, is the largest, with wooded hills rising 650 feet (200 metres) above the lake. [60] Furthermore, Graham noted that the introduction of the European flax gill net of 5 inch mesh had undoubtedly caused a diminution in the number of ngege in those parts of the Kavirondo Gulf, the northern shore of the lake, the Sesse Islands and Smith's Sound which are conveniently situated close to markets. Public awareness exercises were also conducted. Uganda has 45 percent of Lake Victoria, while Kenya earns only 6 percent. Het bevindt zich in Oost-Afrika tussen de staten Tanzania, Oeganda en Kenia.Met een oppervlakte van 69 484 km² is het bijna zo groot als Nederland en België samen. Uganda General Information Map of Uganda Kampala Kibale National Park Queen Elizabeth National Park Murchison Falls National Park Bwindi Impenetrable National Park. its a huge lake it is covering 3 countries Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda and giving them more than enough supply of fish "tilapia, Must visit in Uganda is Lake Victoria . Its area is 26,828 square miles (69,484 square km). This is an online quiz called Africa - Countries and Lake Victoria. Conservation Biology: For the Coming Decade. Lake Victoria is a huge lake in Eastern Africa - it's so big that it stretches over parts of three different countries. Lake Victoria is among the … Lake Victoria, with a surface area of approximately 68,870 km2 is the second largest freshwater body in the world. life for the people living within the Lake Victoria Basin which is in line with the Bank’s focus areas (Hi5s). Answered Lake Victoria covers land in all of the following countries EXCEPT 1 The lake’s deeply indented northern coast is flat and bare. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership. Interesting Facts about Lake Victoria 6: the division of Lake Victoria. After Lake Superior in the United States, Lake Victoria is also the second largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area. Below you can see the member countries. (2008). Study shows evolution does not always mean more diversification. Lake Victoria, the second largest lake in the world and one of the sources of the Nile River, is one of the most important trans-boundary natural resource in Africa. [51] The piscivorous (affected by both predation and competition from Nile perch[52]), molluscivorous and insectivorous haplochromines were particularly hard hit with many extinctions. With a surface area of 68,800 sq km (26,600 sq mi), Lake Victoria is Africa's largest lake. Lake Victoria was once home to over 500 species of fish. Lake Victoria covers an approximate 68,800 km squared. Lake Victoria is the second largest lake in the world with a surface area of 68.000 Sq. Rwanda and Burundi lie in the upper watershed that drains into the Lake. Lake Victoria covers an area of 26,828 square miles and reaches a depth of 270 feet which makes it the largest lake in Africa. The lake is shared by three riparian states : Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania with Ugandas' part constituting 30.720 Sq. There are islands with amazing wildlife on the lake, beautiful landscapes around the lake and there are numerous accommodations where you stay and enjoy the scenery and cool breeze from the fresh water lake. Their loss is devastating for the lake, the fields of ecology, genetics and evolution biology, and more evidently, for the local fisheries. Speke accomplished this in 1858, while on an expedition with Richard Francis Burton to locate the source of the Nile River. Hundreds of endemic species that evolved under the special conditions offered by the protection of Lake Victoria have been lost due to extinction, and several more are still threatened. Found on the western side of Africa's Great Rift Valley, Lake Victoria borders the countries of Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. And that is why we are interested in how much is being abstracted by those countries” Tindimugaya explained. As a by-product of this the oxygen levels in the deeper layer of water are being depleted. LVRLACC has a current membership of 113 local authorities cutting across three countries namely Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda that share Lake Victoria, with prospective membership from Burundi and Rwanda. Lake Victoria is located in east central Africa along the equator. The fertility of tropical waters depends on the rate at which nutrients can be brought into solution. Victoria Nyanzanēăn´zə, nī– [key], largest lake of Africa and the world's second largest freshwater lake, c.26,830 sq mi (69,490 sq km), E central Africa, on the Uganda-Tanzania-Kenya border. In 1952, engineers acting for the government of Colonial Uganda blasted out the weir and reservoir to replace it with an artificial barrage to control the level of the lake and reduce the gradual erosion of the rock weir. Km. 2. 9 Largest Lakes in Africa 1. Lake Victoria info - Gondwana Safari Tour Operators - Safari Holiday Packages, Lodges, Camps +267 686 1971. [21] This deep lake may have functioned as an "evolutionary reservoir" for this haplochromine group in periods where other shallower lakes in the region dried out, as happened to Lake Victoria about 15,000 years ago. [62][63][64] With some 80 percent of Haplochromis species feeding off detritus, and equally capable of feeding off one another, they represented a tight, internal recycling system, moving nutrients and biomass both vertically and horizontally through the water column, and even out of the lake via predation by humans and terrestrial animals. Tanganyika is the longest freshwater lake in the world and the second oldest lake in … Reported in Slate, the history of Lake Victoria is a fascinating one. Known to be 2nd largest fresh water lake in the world additional Nile,! Fisheries Survey of the following countries EXCEPT get the answers you need, now, & Sterner T.. Of striking beauty Victoria to River Nile due to the lake ’ s only outlet the! 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