CHAPTER 15 Dental Biomaterials. . To overcome these limitations, materials incorporated with nanoparticles (NPs) can be used in dental applications including endodontics, periodontics, tissue engineering, oral surgery, and imaging. (2020). Keywords. There are many areas of research that biomaterials and dental stem cells were used. Also the use of dental stem cells as sources of cells to facilitate repair of nondental tissues such as bone and nerves has been introduced [5, 6]. Dental biomaterials and natural products represent two of the main growing research fields, revealing plant-derived compounds may play a role not only as nutraceuticals in affecting oral health, but also in improving physico-chemical properties of biomaterials used in dentistry. All biomaterials used in dentistry must be evaluated for biocompatibility using screening assays to protect patient health and safety. It is important to choose most appropriate material for the regeneration of the tooth structure via biomimetic processes. The biologic interactions of these materials related to their composition, surface, architectural features and function; and the methods employed to investigate structure, function, and biologic interactions are presented and explored. Next, it considers the subjects in which biomedical engineers can be influential, such as 3-dimensional (3D) imaging, laser and photobiomodulation, surface modification of dental implants, and bioreactors. Off these, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been used in medicine and dentistry due to its antimicrobial properties. Different materials have been used to treat various dental diseases, although treatment success is limited by features of the biomaterials used. Dental biomaterials are mainly used to replace damaged or lost tooth substance, teeth and jawbone. NIOM and research in dental biomaterials. This includes resin-based materials, ceramics and metallic materials. 1; 1. January 2000; DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59259-197-8_1. Available barrier membranes and bone substitutes are presented, as well the new developments in this field. An online application is available on the Graduate School’s website. [citation needed] Bioactivity. The performance of each material depends on many factors, in particular, on their chemical and phase composition, microstructure, granule size and pore volume. Dental biomaterials have revolutionized modern therapies. This lecture presents ideal characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of biomaterials used for bone augmentation in implant dentistry. Comprehension of recent advances in biomaterial of dentistry would lead to appropriate applications of these biomaterials in clinical cases and successful strategies to improve dental treatment outcomes to better serve patients. In dentistry, biomaterials are used in restorative procedures, such as dental restorations; in dentures; dental implants; surgical procedures; and endodontic materials. NIST's research examines the interactions among lab-made materials and biological systems, advancing the development of diagnostics and therapeutics, and improving the performance of biomaterials used in dentistry and regenerative medicine. Biomaterials are also used every day in dental applications, surgery, and drug delivery. 9, pp. The present work focuses on the physicochemical characterization of selected mineral‐based biomaterials that are frequently used in dental applications. It begins by studying the biomaterials in dentistry, and materials used intraoperatively during oral and maxillofacial surgery procedures. In Dentistry, biomaterials play a crucial role in the treatment of periodontal and peri-implant bone defects, furcation and periapical lesions, and bone augmentation procedures. 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