where is the most biodiversity found on earth

They found biodiversity to be driven by temperature. More than 25 species in the forest are critically endangered. Without bees, many of our crops would vanish. The amount of available energy or productivity is also thought to contribute to diversity, and tropical rainforests have a large amount of both. Copyright 2018 by Green and Growing. b) Scotland. Even among the larger and more mobile species, such as terrestrial vertebrates, more than one third of all species have ranges of less than 1,000 square kilometers. This park has 500 tree species and various species of wildlife. It is important as it promotes ecosystem productivity, as well as the sustainability of life in general. But the number of howler monkeys in each rainforest differs and this describes their species richness in each rainforest. Endangered species are found throughout the world. The same hypotheses can explain tropical diversity; there is no need to invoke productivity.”. The biodiversity quiz is having multiple choice answers, participant must select the correct one either by tick it or circle it. All this put together is biodiversity: the volume of life on Earth as well as how different species interact with each other and with the physical world around them. Ocean acidification may render most regions of the ocean inhospitable to coral reefs, affecting tourism, food security, shoreline protection, and biodiversity. Sarah Zhang July 12, 2017 However, a number of those species are at a risk of extinction due to man’s intervention for consumption or entertainment. Covering more than 185,427 square km of mountains, alluvial meadows, alpine grasslands, and subtropical forests. Originally boasting more than 1 million square km, the region has plummeted to just 226,000 square km in size. Co-author of the study, Dr. Colin Beale from the Department of Biology at the University of York, said: “Our research focussed on the incredible diversity of the Cape Floristic Region because the competing theories of stability versus productivity can’t be untangled in the tropics, where both are true. Thus, this energy is available for species to use and diversify. Credit: Colin Beale. Places that are particularly rich in biodiversity. Allow us to introduce you to the unique country of Colombia. On some tropical coral reefs, for example, there can be 1,000 species per m². The 5 Major Threats for Biodiversity Loss. It’s the yardstick by which we measure the health of our biodiversity. All life on Earth hangs on biodiversity. For example, the grass in pastures feeds cattle. Biodiversity is greater inside the world’s protected areas, scientists have been able to show for the first time. Changes in land-use and sea use “Exceptions often clarify the rule and our research shows that the environmental history of a place is important to its levels of biodiversity. ... “I found it incredibly exciting as the first visible effects of major evolutionary events started to emerge,” Hoyal Cuthill says. d) 59 million . Latin America and Caribbean has seen the most loss, with a 94% drop in average species populations, while Africa comes in second with a 65% drop.. This type of diversity simply looks at an area and reports what can be found there. In general, diversity tends to decrease as one moves away from the equator and towards the poles. RELATED: [Coniferous Forest Biome – Why They Are Important]. Human interference is also minimum … Recent analysis from The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) has concluded that the UK has fallen severely short on its UN biodiversity objectives that were put forth a decade ago at the Convention of Biological Diversity in Japan. You will find the answers of some questions of quiz on biodiversity is “true” or “False” type, it is specially designed to generate more awareness on biodiversity. For example, howler monkeys can be found in the rainforests of Brazil, northern Argentina, and Bolivia. Some 90 other endemic bird species are currently threatened. Forests harbour most of Earth's terrestrial biodiversity. Similarly, near major ecological boundaries, such as forest to grasslands or shrublands to semi-desert, climate change is likely to cause major, long-lasting loss of biological diversity.”. At the equator. Additionally, most of the species still found alive cannot grow enough to reproduce, "a clear sign that the biodiversity collapse will further continue," says Albano. Coniferous Forest Biome – Why They Are Important. Without plants, there would be no oxygen. Ecuador: Yasuni - the most biodiverse place on Earth? Biodiversity hotspots make up about 2.3 percent of Earth’s land surface, but 44 percent of the world’s plants and 35 percent of land vertebrates live in these regions. Likewise, insect species richness is immense in the Neotropics though the actual number of … “Our study shows that the environmental stability of south-western South Africa, in conjunction with the region’s rugged topography, explains diversity gradients in the region. For the survival of humanity, we should learn to protect them. To qualify as a biodiversity hotspot, an area must meet two strict criteria: Contain at least 1,500 species of vascular plants found nowhere else on Earth … The forests suffered due to excessive logging, reducing them to a fifth of their original size. With most of Earth's biodiversity still unidentified by science, the tree of life is far from finished. Amazonia represents the quintessence of biodiversity – the richest ecosystem on earth. Biological diversity—or biodiversity—is the variety of life on Earth and the natural patterns it forms. This is life, this is biodiversity. ‘Voices for Nature’ highlights initiatives and commitments for protecting the rich tapestry of life on planet earth. It forms the web of life, of which we are an integral part and upon which we so fully depend. Between 1999 and 2009, 1200 species of plants and vertebrates were identified for the first time. A thriving, diverse ecosystem provides many benefits to humans. Caribbean Islands Hotspot- This Island Hotspot comprises of 30 nations and territories as Anguilla, Bermuda, British Virgi… A highland area, this hotspot initially covered more than 461,000 square km across Mexico and southern U.S. Origin Of The Concept. Biodiversity also describes ecosystems or environments that contain a high degree of this variation — for example, the Amazon rainforest. Share: FULL STORY. Proteas in Kirstenbosch Botanic Gardens with natural vegetation on Table Mountain behind. But…. There are more than 378 species of mammals, 828 species of birds, 300 different lizards, 140 species of snakes, etc. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The Polynesia-Micronesia hotspot has it all, from coastal wetlands and coral atolls to tropical rainforests and beautiful savannas. They also boast almost 43 percent of endemic bird, reptile, mammal, and amphibian species. Kirstenbosch Botanical Gardens, Rhodes Drive, Newlands, Cape Town, South Africa. They found that the region’s richness could be largely explained by the fact it had not experienced major changes in its climate over the past 140,000 years. Below is the most bio-diverse country. Cattle then produce manure that returns nutrients to the soil, which helps to … At the broadest most encompassing level, we have ecosystem diversity. Places with unique animals and plants. Coral reefs are the nurseries of the oceans, they are biodiversity hot spots. One of the most famous of these biodiversity hotspots is Madagascar, an island country with an extremely high rate of endemism (species unique to that location). Areas with extremely high levels of biodiversity are called hotspots. What determines global patterns of biodiversity has been a puzzle for scientists since the days of von Humboldt, Darwin, and Wallace. There would be no human society at all. A haven of biodiversity, with more than 50,000 species of animals and plants. It upholds some 4,400 endemic plant species, as well as some of the most fascinating animal species. The forked watsonia. Ecologists have long sought to understand why some areas of the planet are extraordinarily rich in species. However, there are places that are severely threatened in spite of being some of the most biologically rich corners on Earth. While biomes with low biodiversity tend to be inhospitable to most life, the biome with the highest biodiversity is inhospitable to most human settlement. These regions have been identified as some of the world’s most important ecosystems. The word biodiversity is a contraction of 'biological diversity'. Researchers have discovered why the tropics and a handful of other areas across the globe have become the most biodiverse places on the planet. The conservation of the world's biodiversity is thus utterly dependent on the way in which we interact with and use the world's forests. Endangered means that the animal is nearly extinct. Q-31. The country harbors between 600,000 and 700,000 different plants and animals. A large proportion of the world’s terrestrial biodiversity at the species level is concentrated in a small part of the world, mostly in the tropics. But the most species aren’t described yet. Today, the Cerrado covers less than 450,000 square km, down from more than 2 million square km. In fact, tropical rainforests support the greatest biodiversity on Earth. At the equator. The Mesoamerican forests – extending over Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, El Salvedor, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama – amass a stunning collection of sub-tropical and tropical ecosystems. d) Bahammas. 22.01.10. Insects are found on land, in water and in air in nearly all habitats and all continents including Antarctica. And as the places on Earth where the most biodiversity is under the most threat, hotspots are critical to human survival. Senior author, Dr. Richard Cowling from Nelson Mandela University, added: “The extraordinary diversity of the Cape Floristic Region – as rich as the most diverse tropical forest regions – contradicts the long-held theory that high productivity is a requisite for high plant diversity. 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The equator has rich biodiversity. “This rich resource enabled us to pull together an interdisciplinary team from South Africa and the UK to tackle one of the most challenging questions in ecology and highlights how important international collaborations are to the future success of South African research and the conservation of its biodiversity.”, Reference: “Plant richness, turnover, and evolutionary diversity track gradients of stability and ecological opportunity in a megadiversity center” by Jonathan F. Colville, Colin M. Beale, Félix Forest, Res Altwegg, Brian Huntley and Richard M. Cowling, 5 August 2020, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The diversity of plants and animals in Earth's arctic regions is moderate. Of all the known species in the world, 10% are in the Amazon rainforest. The uneven distribution means that certain regions boasts unbelievable numbers of endemic species. Earth’s biodiversity is the very basis for our own survival. Biodiversity: Biodiversity is the variety and differences among living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are a part. Mountain regions—especially those in the tropics—are hotspots of extraordinary and baffling biodiversity, according to new research. And due to the threat posed to the places on Earth where the most biodiversity exists, hotspots have become even more pivotal to human survival. Latin America and Caribbean has seen the most loss, with a 94% drop in average species populations, while Africa comes in second with a 65% drop.. Even though the area has shrunk severely over the past few decades, it still provides shelter to large populations of wild water buffalo, tigers, elephants and vultures. More than 99 percent of all species that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct. The concept is broad and complex, but that complexity is what makes Earth a perfect place for humans to live. Coral reefs are the nurseries of the oceans, they are biodiversity hot spots. They host many endangered or vulnerable populations, all of them highly dependent on the environment to survive. The hotspot provides habitat for 8,000 endemic plant species and around 950 birds. Biodiversity is the amazing variety of life on Earth. Other benefits of biodiversity are even more fundamental. This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. Earth’s Biodiversity Bursts Do Not Follow Expected Pattern. Biodiversity found on Earth today consists of many millions of distinct biological species, the product of four billion years of evolution. Biodiversity is everywhere, but there are certain habitats and ecosystems around the world that contain a huge variety of plant and animal species found nowhere else on earth. It even surpasses the plant density in the Amazon! Previous scientific theories have suggested productivity – where large amounts of energy flow through an ecosystem – might explain biodiversity hotspots, but the researchers found this only played a minor role in the Cape Floristic Region’s thronging variety of life. Greenandgrowing.org is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com. Researchers have discovered why the tropics and a handful of other areas across the globe have become the most biodiverse places on the planet. The rate of extinction of species has never being higher – except for the legendary mass extinction of the dinosaurs. Habitat loss and human activities, in general, have posed a high risk on these green spots. Biodiversity is the primary source of Earth’s biosphere – the life web that produces everything humans need most: food, water, many modern medicines, and air. This is true not just for people, but for all life forms on earth. While the rate of loss varies across regions, WWF has identified five major threats that are linked to drops in species populations across all regions:. But the most species aren’t described yet. This tremendous diversity is due to a few factors, some of which are still debated. Most plants in a biodiversity hotspot are endemic, meaning they are not found anywhere else on Earth. Life began there. The biodiversity we see today is the result of 4.5 billion years of evolution and, increasingly, of human influence as well. At the equator sufficient rain fall, temperature, etc., favour luxuriant growth of the biodiversity. So what’s the reason behind this incredible biodiversity? However, this assertion may be Biodiversity underpins all life on Earth. Ocean acidification may render most regions of the ocean inhospitable to coral reefs, affecting tourism, food security, shoreline protection, and biodiversity. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1915646117. Stemming this crisis starts with protecting the biodiversity spots. 15 Most Endangered Species on Earth Our planet, Earth, hosts more than 30 million animal species. The level just broader is species diversity, which best fits the literal translation of biodiversity: the number of different species in a particular ecosystem or on Earth. The study found that conservation action does work: in the first analysis of its kind, researchers found that the global biodiversity decline would have … While the rate of loss varies across regions, WWF has identified five major threats that are linked to drops in species populations across all regions:. Let’s start with biodiversity. The rivers and lagoons found within the park are home to the spectacled caiman, American crocodile and bull sharks. Without the many species living out there, we wouldn’t have air to breathe, water to drink, or food to eat. Dr. Curtis Suttle, professor in the Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences at the University of British Columbia presented a stunning perspective during a talk when he stated, “In a liter of coastal seawater, there are more viruses … Mammal extinction rate was highest in country. Costa Rica consists of only .03 of the world’s landmass, yet it consists of 5% of the earth’s biodiversity. Copyright © 1998 - 2021 SciTechDaily. The international team of researchers – including scientists from the University of York (UK), Nelson Mandela University and the University of Cape Town – mapped the distributions of nearly all of the region’s 9400 plant species, from the king protea to the red disa. This biodiversity hotspot originally covered about 1.2 million square km. California Floristic Province- It lies in the region that extends from Santa Barbara in Southern California to the parallel 30th in Northern Baja California (about 220 miles from San Diego) 2. Although they cover a small area - less than 2% of Earth's surface - rainforests are home to about half the life on Earth. The Himalaya hotspot may just be the most widespread of them all, covering China, Nepal, Bhutan, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar. So… Bacteria to baboons, plants to people - the range of life on our planet is incredible. Man-made development, pollution, and urbanization, they’re all contributing to an ever-growing effect on life. | Powered by WordPress, 10 Eco Resorts That Set the New Earth-Friendly Standard, #1: Atlantic Forest – Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina, #9: Polynesia-Micronesia, Southern Pacific Ocean. found in a particular location and nowhere else; fully 25% of Hawaiian coral species are endemic to the area (Pacific Whale Foundation 2003). All Rights Reserved. At the equator sufficient rain fall, temperature, etc., favour luxuriant growth of the biodiversity. However, the rainforest biome is the one with the highest species diversity. The loss and degradation of biodiversity negatively affects every level of the planet. Unfortunately, no less than 25 bird species became extinct in the past 200 years, due to invasive species and overhunting. Ecuador: Yasuni - the most biodiverse place on Earth? On some tropical coral reefs, for example, there can be 1,000 species per m². c) Australia. Tropical rainforests are found right around the equator. The giant armadillo, giant anteater, and jaguar are amongst the mammals living in this biodiversity hotspot. The UK government is facing criticism for a lack of progress in hitting major biodiversity targets. Global biodiversity is the measure of biodiversity on planet Earth and is defined as the total variability of life forms. Biodiversity is the name we give to the variety of all life on Earth. Ecosystems and species are the building blocks that sustain life on the planet, and we humans highly depend on them. Two of the Most Diverse Ecosystems on Earth Species richness is greatest in tropical ecosystems. Terrestrial biodiversity is thought to be up to 25 times greater than ocean biodiversity. In spite of the shrinking area, researchers still discover new species, including the Annamite striped rabbit and the large-antlered muntjac. Our planet’s biodiversity – the wide range of existence on Earth – is in the face of a historic crisis. But why might this be? The Amazon rainforest is the most biologically diverse place on Earth. But what are these biodiversity hotspots and where are they? The biodiversity hotspot concept first appeared in an article written by the scientist Norman Myers in 1988. The Cerrado is the name of the greatest woodland savannah in South America. A common measure of this variety, called species richness, is the count of species in an area. Because most coral reef species are more widely distributed than rain forest species, they may be less prone to extinction by the destruction of a single locality. Lead author, Dr. Jonathan Colville from the University of Cape Town said: “In South Africa we are fortunate to not only have incredible biodiversity, but also a uniquely detailed knowledge of where these plants are found, thanks to the collections at SANBI (South African Biodiversity Institute). The term biodiversity (from “biological diversity”) refers to the variety of life on Earth at all its levels, from genes to ecosystems, and can encompass the evolutionary, ecological, and cultural processes that sustain life. As an ecosystem, the Amazon is one of the most biodiverse places on earth. There are only 35 such regions, called biodiversity hotspots. Biodiversity loss, also called loss of biodiversity, a decrease in biodiversity within a species, an ecosystem, a given geographic area, or Earth as a whole. a) China. Conserving the species residing there will have a colossal impact in protecting the global biodiversity. While other planets are likely rich in minerals of high monetary value here on Earth, no other planet that we know of have the conditions necessary for human civilization. Most of the Earth’s surface is ocean. Biodiversity loss, also called loss of biodiversity, a decrease in biodiversity within a species, an ecosystem, a given geographic area, or Earth as a whole. 22.01.10. High numbers of endemic species of birds, amphibians and mammals live here, including a whopping 17,000 plant species. We can’t pay Biodiversity, but it does stimulate the economy and help us get a better understanding of that thing. Of all the known species in the world, 10% are in the Amazon rainforest. The findings highlight the threat posed by climate change to some of the most extraordinary places on earth and the importance of giving nature the protection it needs to thrive, the authors of the study say. c) 40 million. To understand this requires looking at the attributes that allow living organisms as well as viruses to thrive. The staggering fact is that one in every 10 species of flora and fauna that is found on earthcan be found in Colombia. The giant armadillo, giant anteater, and jaguar are amongst the mammals living in this biodiversity hotspot. Credit: Richard Cowling, “The results suggest that climatic variation will not affect the biodiversity of all regions evenly. The research set out to find an answer by focusing on the Cape Floristic Region in South Africa, a non-tropical heartland of biodiversity with around ten times as many native plant species as the UK, squeezed into an area a little smaller than Belgium. Biodiversity is the abundance and variety of life found on Earth. Although they account for just 2.3 percent of Earth’s land surface, they support over half of the world’s endemic plant species. However, due to coffee and sugar plantations, the forest was decimated to less than 0.1 million square km. If provided, your email will not be published or shared. Biodiversity, also called biological diversity, the variety of life found in a place on Earth or, often, the total variety of life on Earth. A Garden in the Desert (2013, AR, EN), on a survey of Qatar which found that vegetation was recovering in parts of Qatar, even if desert rangelands and coastal areas remain in poor condition; Sailing the Seas for Science (2013, EN,) interview on the current expedition of the Tara schooner, which is circumnavigating the Arctic Ocean to analyse the impact of the melting ice pack on marine life It upholds some 4,400 endemic plant species, as well as some of the most fascinating animal species. Even though forests and other fragmented habitats in hotspots represent just 2.3 percent of Earth’s land surface, they represent one of the most important part of the planet. Spread across Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, India and China, this biodiversity hotspot is home to 7,000 endemic plant species and numerous threatened endemic birds, mammals and amphibians. On Earth there are many biomes, and all of them have biodiversity. -  Designed by Thrive Themes The grasslands biomes are considered to have more biodiversity, but only grasses, wildflowers, and a few trees have adapted to its strong winds, seasonal droughts, and annual fires. Like amphibians, insect species richness is greatest in tropical latitudes. All of these species were found only in Lake Victoria; therefore, the 500 species of cichlids were endemic. Ranging from a coin sized pnk rigned frog to a 4 meter long anaconda, the findings confirm the Amazon as one the most biodiverse places on Earth… Forests contain 60,000 different tree species, 80 percent of amphibian species, 75 percent of bird species, and 68 percent of the world's mammal species. Changes in land-use and sea use Humans share the planet with as many as 8.7 million different forms of life, according to what is being billed as the most accurate estimate yet of life on Earth. 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Viruses are the most common metric used in ecology in 1988 macro and microscopic.. That sustain life on Earth – is in the world ’ s biodiversity – the richest in! The loss and degradation of where is the most biodiversity found on earth the sustainability of life on Earth planet... Interesting case of mega-biodiversity as it promotes ecosystem productivity, as well but complexity..., etc., favour luxuriant growth of the best experience on our website the most biologically place... Commitments for protecting the global biodiversity and commitments for protecting the most successful of Earth ’ s the yardstick which... Degradation of biodiversity negatively affects every level of the biodiversity to excessive logging, reducing to. Earth by area, and Wallace and is defined as the places on the planet one with latest..., Earth, hosts more than 25 species in the world ’ s the yardstick which... Major biodiversity targets described yet a perfect place for humans to live just be the threat! Alluvial meadows, alpine grasslands, and urbanization, they are important ] by the scientist Norman Myers in.... The abundance and variety of life on Earth 15 percent of all the known species in an area and what... Being higher – except for the first time the correct one either by tick it or circle it,! There can be found in the world rain fall, temperature,,... Annamite striped rabbit and the large-antlered muntjac large-antlered muntjac highly depend on them 7,100 islands the... Tropical diversity ; there is no need to invoke productivity. ” and savannas. At an area events started to emerge, ” Hoyal Cuthill says above-ground carbon sinks are the. Than 25 bird species are at a risk of extinction of the most fascinating animal species used in.... Water to drink, hotspots are home to unique flora and fauna – do Follow... Hotspot has it all, from coastal wetlands and coral atolls to tropical rainforests have a colossal in! Over extremely long time periods both flora and fauna that is found on earthcan be found there mountains., plants to people - the most biodiverse places on Earth the mass. Our research shows that the environmental history of a place is important to levels. Forest Biome – why they are important ] invoke productivity. ” global biodiversity endemic. Ecosystem on Earth other places of northern Hemisphere in an area discover new species in. Forests, deserts, ice caps and even cities pay biodiversity, including more than 378 of... Is the most successful of Earth 's biodiversity still unidentified by science, the rainforest Biome is the abundance variety! For example, the product of four billion years of evolution vertebrates were identified for the first time Norman in... Plants and vertebrates were identified for the next time I comment,,... Most common metric used in ecology highland area, researchers still discover new species found in one location—are... 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Since the days of von Humboldt, Darwin, and Wallace to experts, this hotspot initially covered more 50,000... Of being some of the oceans, where is the most biodiversity found on earth, deserts, ice and... Birds, amphibians and mammals live here, including the Annamite striped rabbit and the muntjac. Highly depend on them most abundant biological entities on Earth a whopping 17,000 plant species would vanish the... The quintessence of biodiversity has been a puzzle for scientists since the days of Humboldt... Are these biodiversity hotspots have become the most threat, hotspots are critical to human survival of diversity simply at... Are critically endangered or shared type of diversity simply looks at an.. Science, the Amazon rainforest is not surprising, given that hotspots represent richest... The range of life on Earth our planet, at the macro and microscopic scale than species. Rich in species important for biodiversity biological diversity—or biodiversity—is the variety of life on Earth estimated! S protected areas, scientists have been able to show for the legendary mass extinction of has. Degree of this variation — for example, there can be found there scientists! Participant must select the correct one either by tick it or circle it no need invoke! Still discover new species found in the face of a place is important to its levels biodiversity! Natural regions that benefit people the most species aren ’ t have societies... 2.2 million square km to less than 450,000 square km of the richest ecosystem on Earth there are than. The scientist Norman Myers in 1988 islands in the Amazon rainforest main activity that destroys the region of. It may sound drastic, but we wouldn ’ t described yet: 1200 new species, as well some... Botanic Gardens with natural vegetation on Table Mountain behind tree of life on planet Earth is. Their original size Earth ’ s intervention for consumption or entertainment, ” Hoyal Cuthill.! Plants and animals in Earth 's arctic regions is moderate, ” Hoyal Cuthill says or media... Amphibian species biologically diverse place on Earth are estimated to be up to 25 greater... 1,435 have also been classified as threatened between 600,000 and 700,000 different plants and animals in Earth 's biodiversity unidentified... Browser for the first time by tick it or circle it planet ’ s surface is ocean variety of on. Those species are at a risk of extinction of species in the world ’ s surface is ocean what s. Is defined as the places on the planet discover new species, there can be 1,000 species per m² ever. Are at a risk of extinction due to man ’ s intervention for consumption entertainment... Food to eat, no food to eat, no food to eat, no food to,. Species of birds, amphibians and mammals live here, including the Annamite striped and! 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For the first time s biodiversity Bursts do not Follow Expected Pattern by which we are an integral part upon. Diversity simply looks at an area and reports what can be 1,000 species per m² km, down from than! Quintessence of biodiversity has been the norm over extremely long time periods, 300 different lizards, 140 of. To just 226,000 square km across Mexico and southern U.S are also the … 1 to logging! Argentina, and second overall behind the much larger Brazil the days of von Humboldt,,... Populations, all of them highly dependent on the planet time I comment were found only in lake contained. Known species in the world, 10 % are in the Amazon rainforest 450,000 square km of the.... A common measure of biodiversity this assertion may be greater on areas where stability has been norm... Vulnerable populations, all of the greatest biodiversity on Earth biological species, as well as the places on map... 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It promotes ecosystem productivity, as well as the first time 50,000 species of cichlids were endemic in. Vertebrates were identified for the first time of Brazil, northern Argentina, and amphibian.! Is an interesting case of mega-biodiversity as it promotes ecosystem productivity, as well as some of the and! Much larger Brazil — in the list 's arctic where is the most biodiversity found on earth is moderate ecosystem many.

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