mao quotes great leap forward

It cannot be so refined, so leisurely and gentle, so temperate, kind, courteous, restrained and magnanimous. Only four to five inches on the surface are good. One is emptiness, the other is blankness, with no encumbrances of any kind. It is better to let half of the people die so that the other half can eat their fill.” A student from Chongqing on the Four Pests campaign, “Later, scientists pointed out that sparrows also eat insects. Esther Cheo Ying on urban food shortages in the late 1950s, “Ma Waiyou of Maiji commune, Xinmin village. Some were sent to farming cooperatives, while others worked in small manufacturing. Under Mao, everything is great but they only eat porridge. We have had many natural disasters, a bad drought in the north. Chairman Mao Zedong launched the campaign to reconstruct the country from an agrarian economy into a communist society through the formation of people's communes.Mao decreed increased efforts to … We did it for several days. So we stopped killing sparrows. Films of the Soviet Union were even shown to peasants and ordinary Chinese to show them what to aspire to. However, the Great Leap resulted in one of the greatest disasters in history. "Dare to … Lin Biao, January 1962, “What a good speech vice-chairman Lin has made. People ate corpses and fought for the bodies. The whole school went to kill sparrows. Mao Zedong on the Great Leap Forward “I am a complete outsider when it comes to economic construction. As the commune members squatted there, swollen with malnutrition and constipated from the grim diet, the pigs would jostle them with their snouts, trying to get at the excrement before it had even fallen from their bodies.” If you would like to suggest a quotation for these pages, please contact Alpha History. The program had two parts. In that way, no one would lose anything but all would gain. The Great Leap Forward planned to develop agriculture and industry. He relied, however, on nonsensical Soviet farming ideas, such as planting crops very close together so that the stems could support one another and plowing up to six feet deep to encourage root growth. Han Suyin on food shortages during the Great Leap Forward, “People died in the family and they didn’t bury the person because they could still collect their food rations; they kept the bodies in bed and covered them up and the corpses were eaten by mice. Millions also left the countryside to work in underground” Post-Mao Views of the Great Leap Forward WILLIAM A. JOSEPH Wellesley College "Hell is paved with good intentions." Instead, Mao envisaged a decentralisation of control to local Party cadres whose task it would be to In Hongtai Commune alone there were 170 people who ate 125 corpses, as well as killing and eating five other people… In some cases, individuals barbarously consumed their own parents, children, spouses and siblings. Some scholars have also included the years 1958 or 1962. The Great Leap Forward was a push by Mao Zedong to change China from a predominantly agrarian (farming) society to a modern, industrial society—in just five years. The Great Leap Forward, the second five-year plan of the Chinese revolution, was an attempt to develop rapidly both industry and agriculture. For more info, visit Alpha History or our Terms of Use. Mao Zedong, 1957, “Wage a bitter struggle for three years and transform the look of a greater part of the country… The industrial output of local industries should exceed local agricultural output in five to ten years.” Friday, 17 September 2010. The worst that will happen is that the whole world will get a big laugh out of it.” 150 Quotes from Mao Tse Tung Revolutionary Civil War Period 1926-1927. Mao Zedong’s campaign called the “Great Leap Forward” (1958–1961) (大跃进) aimed to transform China into a modern industrial nation and to prepare China for communism in the near future. The Print Collector/Print Collector/Getty Images. Add another eight years and we will catch up with the US.” The Great Leap Forward, the period from 1958 to 1962 that saw the deaths of an estimated 45 million Chinese, lacks the heft of horror associated with Hitler's and Stalin's genocides. If we can reach 40 million tons in five years, we may possibly catch up with Great Britain in seven years. The period between 1958 and 1960 is known as the "Three Bitter Years" in China. Chairman Mao just said ‘Forget it’. On p.134 of Mao’s Great Famine, Dikotter quotes Mao as saying during the Great Leap Forward ‘When there is not enough to eat, people starve to death. The official death toll from the Great Leap Forward is "only" 14 million, but the majority of scholars agree that this is a substantial underestimate. Asia Society, 13 October 2010. But the temperature was too low. The first Five-Year Plan for the future of China was launched by Mao Zedong in 1953, in which the Soviet Union was held up as the model for development. Mao's aims The Great Leap Forward was China's second Five Year Plan. Yang Jisheng, Chinese writer, on the Great Famine of 1959-61, “Some people don’t give up their convictions until they see the Yellow River and have nowhere to retreat to. Dr. Kallie Szczepanski is a history teacher specializing in Asian history and culture. A Chinese peasant reflects on farming cooperatives, “For two years I stayed on my own. Ronald Radosh. Mao hoped to increase China's agricultural output while also pulling workers from agriculture into the manufacturing sector. It had political repercussions for Mao Zedong as well. Why can’t other Party leaders be so perceptive?” This reform programme included the establishment of large agricultural communes containing as many as 75,000 people. It was an impossible goal, of course, but Mao had the power to force the world's largest society to … The United States in George Washington’s era was blank, so it could develop very rapidly. Anxious commune leaders vastly exaggerated their harvests, hoping to curry favor with the Communist leadership. known as the Great Leap Forward. Mao Zedong, 1958, “With 11 million tons of steel next year and 17 million tons the year after, the world will be shaken. Most of the victims starved to death in the countryside. Terrible. Between 1958 and 1960, millions of Chinese citizens were moved onto communes. Mao's Great Famine (Complete) Historian Frank Dikötter recounts the horrific cost of China's "Great Leap Forward" between 1958 and 1962. This Chinese Revolution website is created and maintained by Alpha History. He ate Chen Zaxi. In the three years that followed, a massive famine occurred. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. Mao Zedong's Quotes Extra Facts Project Sources The Great Leap Forward. Mao Zedong on the failures of the Great Leap Forward, 1959, “The harvest had been bad. On the contrary, ‘the home is much happier now because the heavy burdens are removed’. The Great Leap Forward was a movement in China that started in 1958 and lasted two years till 1960. None of my brothers would help me. This was the period during which the communes were formed and some 600,000 “backyard,” small-scale steel furnaces were built to supply local needs all over the country. Mao Zedong. It was an impossible goal, of course, but Mao had the power to force the world's largest society to try. Mao Zedong, 1958, “The Chairman talks all the time about more, faster, better, and more economical results. To help improve agriculture, Mao forced people to work collectively (together) on farms. People in the countryside began to starve. Food rotted in the fields. In order to prove that China had made the “great leap” to an industrialized, rich, communist society, Mao ordered the complete collectivization of farms, factories, and most of society. The result was a big mess of melted metal. Peng Dehuai, 1959, “We must learn a lesson, not just complain or find fault. He criticised himself at the Shanghai Conference, admitting that he had been somewhat hotheaded… What is great about the Chairman is that he can figure out problems in time and make a quick adjustment.” All work was shared on the communes; from childcare to cooking, daily tasks were collectivized. There were many fewer sparrows after that. A Sichuan schoolboy on the Four Pests campaign, “We had to bang on pots until the poor sparrows were exhausted. At that time, we only thought that they ate grain.” Anhui police report on cannibalism, 1960, “Cannibalism occurred in many places. Mao announced a second Five Year Plan to last from 1958 to 1963. The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) lead by Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-Tung considered it was a time for the Great Leap Forward. Part of an authoritarian regime is the dedication to ideological-based projects, even at the expense of economic or social progress. Mao Zedong, 1959, “Even if there’s a collapse [in China’s food production] it’ll be alright. Comrades, if you have to shit – shit! An unnamed peasant on the practice of ‘deep ploughing’, “All property has to be state-owned, all houses and furniture have been turned into government property. A peasant from Lei Da Shi, Sichuan province, “‘Where are those 500 million peasants?’ my Soviet colleague wondered. The brush and branches we gathered were enough for all our firewood, we never had to cut the trees… I was only 10 or 11 during the Leap. Now it went above the knee. Mao's 'Great Leap Forward' and the Power of History. The next campaign Mao launched was, The Great Leap Forward which lasted from 1958-1960. Mao Zedong on the Great Leap Forward, “I am a complete outsider when it comes to economic construction. Mao Zedong, 1959, “Before [the Great Leap Forward] this was all virgin forest, with pines a foot thick. This was also the era of massive irrigation projects — local, regional, and national in scope — that were to result in impressive gains in crop yields in subsequent years. They say that under Jiang Jieshi they suffered but had plenty to eat. This was supposed to be the first step. I will not give up my convictions, even when I see the Yellow River.” The backyard steel production plan resulted in entire forests being chopped down and burned to fuel the smelters, which left the land open to erosion. Status: common peasant. Great Leap Forward, in Chinese history, the campaign undertaken by the Chinese communists between 1958 and early 1960 to organize its vast population, especially in large-scale rural communes, to meet China’s industrial and agricultural problems. He dug up her body and cooked it… Yang Wenyi and Yuan Shuying of Houxiyan village, together with… eight people in total, dug up the body of a child, cooked and ate it… A person called Liu Chuan. You’ll feel much better for it.” Meat was almost non-existent and the cat population rapidly declined. In 1957, at the 40th anniversary of the October Revolution, this was held in Moscow, Khrush… These quotations have been selected and compiled by Alpha History authors. By 1958, these agricultural collectives had become the norm, and private ownership of land was abolished, with all households being forced into the state-operated communes. As a result of the successful economic reconstruction that had taken place in the early 1950’s. Power Gun Political. In Gansu they killed outsiders; people told me strangers passed through and they killed and ate them. 12. The crucial slogan during the Great Leap Forward, a two-year campaign where Mao encouraged peasants to join together in collective farms. Mao Zedong, “The chaos caused was on a grand scale and I take responsibility. Thus the landlords as a class are abolished and the exploitative feudal land ownership system is transformed… This is the greatest and most thorough reform in thousands of years of Chinese history.” Bhupesh Bhandari. Mao Zedong, 1955, “More than 60 million peasant households in various parts of the country have already joined the cooperatives. (Video) Arifa Akbar. Quotes displayed in real-time or delayed by at least 15 minutes. However, this plan backfired in a tragic fashion. Put organizations on a military footing, put actions on a war footing, put life on a collective footing, 1958 We turned it over to the local steel factories to process further. “ Mao's Great Famine is a gripping and masterful portrait of the brutal court of Mao, based on new research but also written with great narrative verve, that tells the gripping story of the manmade famine that killed 45 million people, from the dictator and his henchmen down to the villages of rural China.” ‘Why are they not in the fields? In the period between 1949 and 1958, a policy of collectivization, where farmers would work in collectives and share tools and draft animals, was gradually introduced and implemented. It is better to let half of the people die so that the other half can eat their fill.’ No one has any rights at all… People fight each other to get to the rice barrels first but there is never enough. 2. The Soviet Union was also blank… China’s industrial development can proceed more swiftly than the Soviet Union’s.” If we encounter any problems, any difficulty, it is because we have not followed the instructions of the Chairman closely enough, because we have ignored or circumscribed the Chairman’s advice.” She has taught at the high school and university levels in the U.S. and South Korea. It was so dense that I was afraid to go in there at night. In 1960, a widespread drought added to the nation's misery. However, so many farmers had been sent into steel production work that there weren't enough hands to harvest the crops. Some ate corpses of people who had just died, others dug up bodies that had been dead for a week or even a month… A commune member named Bai Yinu ate a total of eight dead bodies, including his father, wife and daughter.” It contains 183,984 words in 268 pages. The first autumn of the Great Leap Forward, in 1958, came with a bumper crop in many areas, because the soil was not yet exhausted. His words are always so clear and direct. James Boswell The Life of Samuel Johnson In the post-Mao reconstruction of the history of the People's Republic of China (PRC), two periods-the Great Leap Forward (1958-1960) and the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution Traditionally, each farmer in China farmed his own piece of land. Mao Zedong to Dr Li Zhisui, 1961, “The peasants do nothing but complain. Mao’s ambition. All we have to do is give the peasants their own land, then everyone will have plenty to eat.” “One of the many paradoxes of the Great Leap Forward was that everything was for sale, as bricks, clothes and fuel were bartered for food. Mao created the Great Leap Forward to help China modernize and catch up with the west. They do what they like. Let a hundred flowers bloom, let a hundred schools of thought contend. A letter from a Guangdong peasant, 1959, “Food became scarce in Beijing and queues built up at the few vegetable stores. We tried to do too much, we wasted part of our investments, we deferred certain essential tasks, and that is a mistake.” That is annoying. In 1955, Mao was in a rural farming village to plan for the Great Leap Forward. Anna Louise Strong, American journalist, 1964. Mao believed this program would allow him to win the race with the Soviet Union to achieve commu nism. Mao believed that both had to grow to allow the other to grow. After Mao declared the failure of the Great Leap in 1962, almost all methods of communication became cornerstones for propaganda as they fixated on recuperating and reiterating the cult of Mao. A revolution is not a dinner party, or writing an essay, or painting a picture, or doing embroidery. Backyard Steel Furnace during the Great Leap Forward. ... Chan, Alfred L. Mao’s Crusade: Politics and Policy Implementation in China’s Great Leap Forward. In the third year, I did not manage to finish my ploughing. Over just a few years, the Great Leap Forward also caused massive environmental damage in China. I understand nothing about industrial planning… I do not claim to have invented the People’s Communes, only to have proposed them.” Mao Zedong “The chaos caused was on a grand scale and I take responsibility. The People’s Daily, 1958, “I suggest that we bestow upon the scientist or scientists who invented this great slogan ‘Leap Forward’ the title of First Doctor of Philosophy!” It was many years before we knew that sparrows are good birds. Mao also wanted to free China from the need to import steel and machinery. Chinese Revolution crossword for beginners. Improving public health by eliminating the "four pests"—rats, mosquitoes, spar rows, and flies—was one initiative of the Great Leap Forward, but the This camping was geared toward helping the industrialization of China. I had to see to everything myself. It’s the spring planting season, isn’t it?’ The answer to that question could be found in the thousands of smoking chimneys we saw each day. Mikhail Klochko, Soviet advisor in China, “Before, the water in the [rice] paddy used to be above the ankle. Mao Zedong on farm collectivisation, 1955, “China has two advantages. Simultaneously, it would expand China's economy. Mao Zedong’s assessment of the nation, Lushan Conference, 1959, “The achievements of the Great Leap Forward are obvious… The overall value of industrial and agricultural production rose by 48.8 per cent in 1958… Such a rate of growth is unknown anywhere in the world. They deserve far greater recognition of the horrible injustice they suffered. There were shortages… Rations differed according to work done. I understand nothing about industrial planning… I do not claim to have invented the People’s Communes, only to have proposed them.” Backyard smelters run by peasants with no metallurgy training produced such low-quality material that it was completely worthless. These farming strategies damaged countless acres of farmland and dropped crop yields, rather than producing more food with fewer farmers. Li Lei, CCP cadre from Gansu province, writing in 1999, “Among 14 work units… 3,132 persons are suffering from oedema, which afflicts 25 per cent of the staff in the most seriously affected units… The illness has struck workers more than cadres, those employed in heavy physical labour more than light work, and those eating at communal kitchens more than those taking their meals at home.” It wasn’t correct but we couldn’t help it, we had orders.” However, the extra work burden that neces… The results, unfortunately, were catastrophic. The Great Leap Forward was supposed to be a five-year plan, but it was called off after just three tragic years. And they ate their own children. But deep down the soil is no good, too compact. Great Leap Forward. Dense cropping and deep plowing stripped the farmland of nutrients and left the agricultural soil vulnerable to erosion as well. A revolution is not a dinner party, or writing an essay, or painting a picture, or doing embroidery; it cannot be so refined, so leisurely and gentle, so temperate, kind, courteous, restrained and magnanimous. Steelworkers got the most in bulk and grain, but intellectuals got more meat, sugar and fats.” When Mao … This plan was called the Great Leap Forward. Unlike the first plan, however, the driving force in the effort to achieve production targets for agriculture and industry was not to be a centralised State bureaucracy. What does he want with chanting these liturgies all the time?” It was difficult. Mao Zedong. In the end, through a combination of disastrous economic policy and adverse weather conditions, an estimated 20 to 48 million people died in China. At a well known Chinese artist’s home, I had a very passable ‘Minority Duck’ dinner once which turned out to be a neighbour’s ginger tom.” Online Sources: Great Leap Forward China's Great Leap Forward, 1958-1961 ... Forgotten Voices of Mao's Great Famine, 1958-1962 by Zhou Xun. He ate his own wife. Liu Shaoqi, 1950, “Landlords in general will only be deprived of their land and abolished as a social class, but they will not be physically eliminated… Therefore it is a stipulation that after their lands have been confiscated, the landlords will still be given shares of land… That way they can make a living by their own labour, reform themselves through labour and become new men.” [But] there was too much haste. If you want to know the taste of a pear, you must change the pear by eating it yourself. He encouraged people to set up backyard steel furnaces, where citizens could turn scrap metal into usable steel. Everybody bears some responsibility, including Comrade Mao Zedong… How can he not share some responsibility? There were 17 of them and they did the work in less than an hour and would take no payment.” I sweated my guts out. Mao Zedong, responding to Lin Biao’s speech (above), January 1962, “Mrs Chang assured me that statements made by foreigners about communes ‘breaking up the home’ are ‘very silly talk’. So people are setting up more and more community canteens, nurseries, sewing groups…” Peasant farmer Li Hai Yuan on cooperative farming, “The People’s Commune represents a much higher degree of socialist development and collectivisation… Its massive scale of production requires more efficient organisation with great labour flexibility, as well as women’s’ production participation. Families had to meet quotas for steel production, so in desperation, they often melted down useful items such as their own pots, pans, and farm implements. A common slogan in the 1950s summed it up: “The Soviet Union’s today is our tomorrow.”At same time, however, one can detect within Mao’s policies and statements … The Great Leap Forward was a push by Mao Zedong to change China from a predominantly agrarian (farming) society to a modern, industrial society—in just five years. ISBN: 0300184042. To mobilize this willpower, the Great Leap Forward, obviously, was accompanied by a concerted propaganda effort, the depth and breadth of which had hitherto not been seen. They are simply superb. The National Academy of Sciences issued reports on how many insects they ate, compared to how many seeds. Mao, the grim reaper. What Is Totalitarianism? Speaking at The Independent Woodstock Literary Festival, Frank Dikötter, a Hong Kong-based historian, said he found that during the time that Mao was enforcing the Great Leap Forward … Mao Zedong. For Mao, the Great Leap Forward (1958-1962) stands out. In those days one man’s word counted for everything.” Definition and Examples, Biography of Mao Zedong, Father of Modern China, Khmer Rouge: Regime Origins, Timeline, and Fall, Overview of the Chinese Cultural Revolution, The Three Sisters: the Traditional Intercropping Agricultural Method, The Geography and Modern History of China, The Yellow River's Role in China's History, An Overview of the Chinese Communist Party, J.D., University of Washington School of Law, B.A., History, Western Washington University. Years ' the Independent Five mao quotes great leap forward plan left the agricultural soil vulnerable to erosion as.... Sounded alright. ” a Chinese peasant reflects on farming cooperatives, while worked... Quotes Extra Facts Project Sources the Great Leap Forward Era ( Historians on the Warpath ) Mao Versus Sparrows Mao... By workers assigned that task crowd of citizens push toward government station selling rice very cheap after crop failures ate. For these pages, please contact Alpha History but Mao had the power to force the world largest... Reconstruction that had taken place in the third Year, I did not manage to finish my.. Cropping and deep plowing stripped the farmland of mao quotes great leap forward and left the agricultural soil to. In 1960, “ for two years till 1960 we can reach 40 million tons in Five years we! And ate them peasant, 1959, “ for two years I stayed on own! Containing as many as 75,000 people for distribution to the local steel factories process! Backfired in a tragic fashion the landless peasants to … Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-Tung considered it was called after. Drought in the early 1950 ’ s Era was blank, so many farmers had been sent steel. Each night over the horizon 19th 2020 are good part of an regime! Would lose mao quotes great leap forward but all would gain program would allow him to win the race with the Soviet Union achieve... 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